{"id":2853,"date":"2024-10-29T21:14:28","date_gmt":"2024-10-29T19:14:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/?p=2853"},"modified":"2024-10-29T21:14:40","modified_gmt":"2024-10-29T19:14:40","slug":"primul-moara-cu-aburi-din-bucuresti-inceputul-dinastiei-morarilor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/eternal-2853-primul-moara-cu-aburi-din-bucuresti-inceputul-dinastiei-morarilor","title":{"rendered":"Primul moar\u0103 cu aburi din Bucure\u0219ti, \u00eenceputul dinastiei morarilor"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Moara Assan, prima moar\u0103 cu aburi din Bucure\u0219ti, face parte din patrimoniul industrial al Rom\u00e2niei \u0219i este inclus\u0103 pe lista monumentelor istorice de importan\u021b\u0103 na\u021bional\u0103 de c\u0103tre Ministerul Culturii. Din p\u0103cate, \u00een prezent, moara Assan \u0219i-a pierdut din str\u0103lucirea de alt\u0103dat\u0103, transform\u00e2ndu-se aproape \u00eentr-o ruin\u0103. Detalii despre istoria primei mori cu aburi din Bucure\u0219ti pot fi g\u0103site pe <a href=\"http:\/\/bucharest.name\">bucharest.name<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prima moar\u0103 cu aburi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.bucharest.name\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/67\/2024\/10\/ad_4nxfggfp71cgtmyrgduzspe3c3ym-k7inokvzajuhebn0rbo_sxpjl794hybgcyczzhvbe98rc5urigzy290hc56ybarglsrpvxryfsfj6ooivdilmpbnzvjkhtso-4frlyg9375mhdsepedmtnd845ilrwakeyy898yudr_vlm8jgheuk_hqsj.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Locuitorii capitalei au numit moara Assan \u00een diverse feluri: pentru unii era Moara cu role, pentru al\u021bii Moara de foc sau chiar Vaporul lui Assan. Oricum ar fi fost, dac\u0103 morile ar s\u0103rb\u0103tori ziua de na\u0219tere, aceasta ar fi s\u0103rb\u0103torit \u00eenceputul celui de-al doilea secol de existen\u021b\u0103. Situat\u0103 \u00een cartierul Obor-Lizeanu, aceast\u0103 zon\u0103 era renumit\u0103 pentru caracterul s\u0103u industrial. \u00cenc\u0103 din secolul al XIX-lea, aici func\u021bionau mai multe \u00eentreprinderi industriale, precum moara Stancovici, moara Olmazu, o fabric\u0103 de fr\u00e2nghii, o fabric\u0103 de c\u0103r\u0103mizi, o fabric\u0103 de s\u0103pun \u0219i, desigur, \u201eMoara lui Assan\u201d \u2013 prima moar\u0103 cu aburi din Rom\u00e2nia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La \u00eenceput, aceasta era o mic\u0103 pres\u0103 pentru ulei, iar ulterior au fost ad\u0103uga\u021bi c\u00e2\u021biva pietre de moar\u0103 care permiteau m\u0103cinarea cerealelor, toate acestea func\u021bion\u00e2nd cu ajutorul cailor. \u00cen 1853, atunci c\u00e2nd \u00eenc\u0103 nu exista nici m\u0103car fabrica de c\u0103r\u0103mizi, negustorii Gheorghe Assan \u0219i Ion Martinovici au decis s\u0103 uneasc\u0103 for\u021bele \u0219i s\u0103 construiasc\u0103 o cl\u0103dire deosebit\u0103, \u00een care s\u0103 foloseasc\u0103 tehnologie modern\u0103, adus\u0103 din Viena. Transportul ei pe Dun\u0103re \u0219i apoi pe traseul Giurgiu-Bucure\u0219ti a durat aproximativ o lun\u0103. Dup\u0103 aceste c\u0103l\u0103torii lungi, negustorii au reu\u0219it \u00een sf\u00e2r\u0219it s\u0103 aduc\u0103 la Bucure\u0219ti motorul cu aburi Siegel, cea mai bun\u0103 ma\u0219in\u0103rie a vremii, care va transforma moara lor \u00eentr-o afacere extrem de profitabil\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Na\u0219terea dinastiei morarilor<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.bucharest.name\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/67\/2024\/10\/ad_4nxfqdx5naagbicigurqjhud5afjadxo_muwfrx1zewhacpn5hxs9b8qomquwb-19ge8ggtk_aom9jdtffsinuscezqlutttbyk_kasxbv3lbbhv4mixukfpmhqoxvaevs9s1fq9mvfy7yz13fpwjicspt4ykeyy898yudr_vlm8jgheuk_hqsj.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Ini\u021bial, clien\u021bii au primit acest progres tehnologic cu re\u021binere. Chiar dac\u0103 moara fusese instalat\u0103 \u00een toamna anului 1853, agricultorii \u0219i brutarii nu s-au gr\u0103bit s\u0103-\u0219i macine cerealele aici, ba chiar evitau acest loc. Ei considerau c\u0103, dac\u0103 din func\u021bionarea morii ie\u0219ea fum, era vorba de una din dou\u0103: fie f\u0103ina se va arde \u0219i va avea un gust nepl\u0103cut, fie acolo lucra diavolul. Explica\u021biile proprietarilor progresi\u0219ti nu i-au putut convinge. Totu\u0219i, un ajutor nea\u0219teptat a venit de la vreme. \u00cen acea iarn\u0103 extrem de geroas\u0103, toate morile de ap\u0103 au \u00eenghe\u021bat, astfel c\u0103 oamenii, de voie, de nevoie, s-au \u00eendreptat spre moara lui Assan. Dup\u0103 ce primul client a m\u0103cinat cereale \u0219i a constatat c\u0103 f\u0103ina era de bun\u0103 calitate, Assan a \u00eenceput s\u0103 aib\u0103 o clientel\u0103 constant\u0103. Astfel, anul respectiv a marcat \u00eenceputul declinului morilor de ap\u0103 din Bucure\u0219ti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen 1865, Gheorghe Assan s-a desp\u0103r\u021bit de partenerul s\u0103u \u0219i a r\u0103mas unic proprietar al afacerii. Moara Assan, m\u00e2ndr\u0103 ca o fort\u0103rea\u021b\u0103 \u00eenconjurat\u0103 de alte cl\u0103diri utilitare, a r\u0103mas \u00een posesia celor doi fii ai s\u0103i dup\u0103 moartea sa. <a href=\"https:\/\/artaalba.ro\/moara-lui-assan-povestea-unui-monument-de-patrimoniu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fra\u021bii Assan<\/a> au continuat afacerea tat\u0103lui \u0219i au extins moara, ridic\u00e2nd un co\u0219 de fum impresionant de 10 metri. Dup\u0103 un timp, co\u0219ul de fum a fost \u00een\u0103l\u021bat la 26 de metri, iar \u00een 1894, moara m\u0103cina deja p\u00e2n\u0103 la 7 vagoane de gr\u00e2u pe zi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Extinderea morii Assan a continuat, culmin\u00e2nd cu construc\u021bia unui siloz de cereale de 41 de metri \u00een\u0103l\u021bime, cea mai \u00eenalt\u0103 cl\u0103dire din Bucure\u0219ti la acea vreme. Pe v\u00e2rful turnului cl\u0103dirii principale a fost montat un ceas mare de bronz, care timp de decenii a ar\u0103tat ora exact\u0103 locuitorilor din zon\u0103. \u00cen 1903, cl\u0103direa a fost conectat\u0103 la re\u021belele de electricitate \u0219i gaz. Progresi\u0219ti \u0219i interesa\u021bi de inova\u021bie, proprietarii au continuat s\u0103-\u0219i actualizeze echipamentele, ad\u0103ug\u00e2nd ma\u0219ini \u0219i tehnologii moderne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Fabricile Assan \u0219i declinul lor<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.bucharest.name\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/67\/2024\/10\/ad_4nxfur6oeizyayjy3doqdlg5ernfpmkleganrvdhkach4w9efmog7spgt00wkdg6rihlvxkig1c0llwoycbra2p-yhkid9gwuvleuago7wjuvfwagn2gdnlloomisnlrklpdxyvbcixeihy0izjlnw-au_1hmkeyy898yudr_vlm8jgheuk_hqsj.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen 1930, moara Assan a devenit o societate pe ac\u021biuni sub denumirea \u201eFabrica Assan\u201d. Sub aceast\u0103 denumire s-au desf\u0103\u0219urat patru activit\u0103\u021bi industriale distincte: m\u0103cinarea cerealelor, produc\u021bia de uleiuri vegetale, produc\u021bia de lacuri \u0219i vopsele, \u0219i produc\u021bia de s\u0103pun \u0219i chit. Ca societate pe ac\u021biuni, fabrica Assan avea 33 de angaja\u021bi, num\u0103r care a crescut la 400 \u00een 1946, dup\u0103 r\u0103zboi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Regimul comunist a na\u021bionalizat \u201eFabrica Assan\u201d \u00een iunie 1948. Dup\u0103 1950, \u00een cl\u0103dirile morii au func\u021bionat mai multe \u00eentreprinderi, inclusiv fabrica de p\u00e2ine \u201eGr\u00e2ul\u201d \u0219i fabrica de ulei \u201e13 Decembrie\u201d. \u00cen 1995, feroneria ferestrelor \u0219i alte elemente decorative din zinc \u0219i plumb de pe acoperi\u0219uri \u0219i turnuri au fost \u00eendep\u0103rtate, iar monumentul a r\u0103mas f\u0103r\u0103 pl\u0103cu\u021bele de identificare. Arhiva \u0219i mobilierul valoros au fost furate, iar ma\u0219inile fabricate la Viena \u00eenainte de 1900 au fost demontate \u0219i v\u00e2ndute la fier vechi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Totu\u0219i, unele dintre ma\u0219inile fabricii sunt expuse la Muzeul Tehnic \u201eDimitrie Leonida\u201d din Bucure\u0219ti. \u00cen ceea ce prive\u0219te cl\u0103dirile, acestea au \u00eenceput s\u0103 se degradeze, iar \u00een 2008 a avut loc un incendiu major. Totu\u0219i, cl\u0103direa principal\u0103, cunoscut\u0103 sub numele de \u201eVaporul lui Assan\u201d, a rezistat \u00een timp, p\u0103str\u00e2ndu-se ca o m\u0103rturie a unei epoci \u00een care Bucure\u0219tiul era cunoscut drept \u201eMicul Paris\u201d.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Moara Assan, prima moar\u0103 cu aburi din Bucure\u0219ti, face parte din patrimoniul industrial al Rom\u00e2niei \u0219i este inclus\u0103 pe lista monumentelor istorice de importan\u021b\u0103 na\u021bional\u0103 de c\u0103tre Ministerul Culturii. Din p\u0103cate, \u00een prezent, moara Assan \u0219i-a pierdut din str\u0103lucirea de alt\u0103dat\u0103, transform\u00e2ndu-se aproape \u00eentr-o ruin\u0103. Detalii despre istoria primei mori cu aburi din Bucure\u0219ti pot [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":425,"featured_media":2854,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[362],"tags":[1211,1215,1212,1207,1206,1214,1213,1209,1208,1210],"moimportance":[30,33],"motype":[367],"moformat":[18],"class_list":{"0":"post-2853","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-solutii-de-inginerie","8":"tag-dinastia","9":"tag-dinastia-assana","10":"tag-fabrica-assana","11":"tag-moara","12":"tag-moara-assana","13":"tag-moara-bucuresti","14":"tag-morar","15":"tag-motor-cu-aburi","16":"tag-prima-moara","17":"tag-prima-moara-cu-aburi","18":"moimportance-golovna-novyna","19":"moimportance-retranslyacziya-v-agregatory","20":"motype-eternal","21":"moformat-vlasna"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2853","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/425"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2853"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2853\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2866,"href":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2853\/revisions\/2866"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2854"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2853"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2853"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2853"},{"taxonomy":"moimportance","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/moimportance?post=2853"},{"taxonomy":"motype","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/motype?post=2853"},{"taxonomy":"moformat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/moformat?post=2853"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}