{"id":2833,"date":"2024-10-29T21:05:28","date_gmt":"2024-10-29T19:05:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/?p=2833"},"modified":"2024-10-29T21:05:55","modified_gmt":"2024-10-29T19:05:55","slug":"fabrica-malaxa-de-la-cele-mai-puternice-locomotive-din-europa-la-reprofilare-in-vederea-dezvoltarii-durabile","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/eternal-2833-fabrica-malaxa-de-la-cele-mai-puternice-locomotive-din-europa-la-reprofilare-in-vederea-dezvoltarii-durabile","title":{"rendered":"Fabrica \u201eMalaxa\u201d \u2013 de la cele mai puternice locomotive din Europa la reprofilare \u00een vederea dezvolt\u0103rii durabile"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>SC \u201eFaur\u201d SA este un complex industrial situat la periferia estic\u0103 a Bucure\u0219tiului, specializat \u00een produc\u021bia \u0219i repara\u021bia materialului rulant, precum vagoane \u0219i locomotive. \u00cen trecut, platforma era cunoscut\u0103 sub numele de \u201eMalaxa\u201d sau \u201e23 August\u201d. \u00cenainte de \u201erevolu\u021bie\u201d, aici lucrau 20.000 de angaja\u021bi, \u00eens\u0103 \u00een martie 2010, conform surselor documentare, personalul ajunsese la doar 400. Cl\u0103dirile complexului ocup\u0103 90 de hectare \u0219i cuprind fabrici, laboratoare, ateliere, spa\u021bii de servicii, locuin\u021be pentru angaja\u021bi \u0219i alte facilit\u0103\u021bi. Mai multe despre istoria \u00eentreprinderii pe <a href=\"http:\/\/bucharest.name\">bucharest.name<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_74 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a658a5a6e084\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a658a5a6e084\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/eternal-2833-fabrica-malaxa-de-la-cele-mai-puternice-locomotive-din-europa-la-reprofilare-in-vederea-dezvoltarii-durabile\/#Nicolae_Malaxa_un_antreprenor_innascut\" >Nicolae Malaxa, un antreprenor \u00eenn\u0103scut<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/eternal-2833-fabrica-malaxa-de-la-cele-mai-puternice-locomotive-din-europa-la-reprofilare-in-vederea-dezvoltarii-durabile\/#De_la_locomotive_la_automobile\" >De la locomotive la automobile<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/eternal-2833-fabrica-malaxa-de-la-cele-mai-puternice-locomotive-din-europa-la-reprofilare-in-vederea-dezvoltarii-durabile\/#Emigrarea_in_Statele_Unite\" >Emigrarea \u00een Statele Unite<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/eternal-2833-fabrica-malaxa-de-la-cele-mai-puternice-locomotive-din-europa-la-reprofilare-in-vederea-dezvoltarii-durabile\/#O_catastrofa_ecologica_evitata\" >O catastrof\u0103 ecologic\u0103 evitat\u0103<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nicolae_Malaxa_un_antreprenor_innascut\"><\/span>Nicolae Malaxa, un antreprenor \u00eenn\u0103scut<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.bucharest.name\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/67\/2024\/10\/ad_4nxegrvlpkhvkhdhdex69d8nevx6lgrmkrn-unygwhuatzgqgqnzofqabiru1cndq5h2eeaxiocubud9e2ikf1dciiwo5jdzoelzm_q5igscxkew4atwgswqwn54elcdmffrt9k_w2xl26tp93ck993nelzzbkeyxiffgqvf72gcs6kcfy2n8ofx.png\" width=\"602\" height=\"892\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Nicolae Malaxa s-a n\u0103scut pe 23 decembrie 1884 \u00een ora\u0219ul Hu\u0219i, jude\u021bul Vaslui. A urmat \u0219coala primar\u0103 \u0219i liceul \u00een Ia\u0219i, apoi \u0219i-a completat studiile inginere\u0219ti la Institutul Politehnic din Karlsruhe, Germania. La 37 de ani, Malaxa era deja un inginer experimentat \u0219i un antreprenor de succes. \u00cen august 1921, a deschis un atelier de material rulant \u00eentr-o zon\u0103 pustie din marginea Capitalei, unde \u00eencepe s\u0103 \u00eentre\u021bin\u0103 locomotive \u0219i vagoane de tren. Afacerea sa s-a dezvoltat rapid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.bucharest.name\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/67\/2024\/10\/ad_4nxelyiqztb-ksvyuh90pi88ys2mbmghxzen37-h4hkuhdfzis8xnrvgc3nfen2tazhpigclu-lsa8ye1hfz12q_eghj7qjjkzuh_qfjsarxylkw7ilzigogl87cjj6soxamndxmyi23b1bqnq7cihw2gjijpkeyxiffgqvf72gcs6kcfy2n8ofx.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00centre 1923 \u0219i 1927, antreprenorul a construit o nou\u0103 fabric\u0103 de la zero, profit\u00e2nd de legea pentru sprijinirea industriei rom\u00e2ne\u0219ti. Malaxa a \u00eencheiat un contract cu CFR pentru construc\u021bia de locomotive rom\u00e2ne\u0219ti, un proiect ambi\u021bios \u0219i riscant, dar finan\u021bat printr-un avans oferit de CFR. Fabrica a fost echipat\u0103 cu 82 de utilaje germane, iar Malaxa a angajat 180 de muncitori germani care s\u0103 asambleze locomotivele \u0219i s\u0103 preg\u0103teasc\u0103 muncitori rom\u00e2ni pentru a-i \u00eenlocui.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen 1928, fabrica a produs prima locomotiv\u0103 \u201eMalaxa\u201d, iar muncitorii rom\u00e2ni au preluat complet produc\u021bia. Din 1931, fabrica a \u00eenceput s\u0103 produc\u0103 vagoane echipate cu motoare diesel Ganz \u0219i transmisii Mylius cu patru \u0219i cinci trepte. \u00cen ciuda crizei economice mondiale, \u201eMalaxa\u201d a atins un succes remarcabil, produc\u00e2nd 100 de locomotive p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 1933 \u0219i fiind recunoscut\u0103 pe plan interna\u021bional la Expozi\u021bia de la Milano din 1940. Astfel, Rom\u00e2nia a devenit autosuficient\u0103 \u00een produc\u021bia de locomotive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"De_la_locomotive_la_automobile\"><\/span>De la locomotive la automobile<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.bucharest.name\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/67\/2024\/10\/ad_4nxexscnouxipwqkdy1t75kz24coqn7jvwmna4d7b4mmaaewwruot3h7qo3ipqioan615qgseuxmoesuz27lcpddsyhavn_tswoack0scandwez5trji-ax2xltcktgcu-atpnxmgeuts-calk7oy3rrxjr0hkeyxiffgqvf72gcs6kcfy2n8ofx.png\" width=\"602\" height=\"303\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Capacitatea de produc\u021bie a fabricii era de 200.000 de tone de \u021bevi pe an, fiind cea mai mare din \u021bar\u0103. Un fapt interesant: \u00een anii &#8217;90, fabrica a fost v\u00e2ndut\u0103 unei companii ruse\u0219ti, care s-a angajat s\u0103 investeasc\u0103 4,7 milioane de euro \u00een urm\u0103torii trei ani. \u00cen noiembrie 2003, angaja\u021bii fabricii au luat ostatic un reprezentant al companiei cump\u0103r\u0103toare, cer\u00e2nd plata restan\u021belor salariale. Datoriile c\u0103tre cei 1.000 de muncitori ai fabricii de \u021bevi ajungeau la 30 de milioane de lei. Cu toate acestea, situa\u021bia nu s-a remediat, iar la 22 noiembrie 2003 s-a decis rezilierea contractului de v\u00e2nzare-cump\u0103rare din cauza ne\u00eendeplinirii obliga\u021biilor contractuale de c\u0103tre cump\u0103r\u0103tor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Complexul de cl\u0103diri al fabricilor Malaxa a fost proiectat de arhitectul Horia Creang\u0103 \u00een stil modernist, acesta fiind cel care a conceput ulterior \u0219i arhitectura <a href=\"https:\/\/arhitectura-1906.ro\/2018\/10\/hala-laminor-a-uzinelor-malaxa-o-sansa-de-restaurare-pentru-patrimoniul-industrial-interbelic\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">fabricii \u201eRepublica\u201d<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nicolae Malaxa are \u0219i alte merite. \u201eMalaxa\u201d a fost primul automobil rom\u00e2nesc, construit \u00een 1945 la Re\u0219i\u021ba \u00een uzinele companiei. Proiectul a fost coordonat de renumitul inginer Petre Carp. Automobilul era echipat cu un motor \u00een trei cilindri, dispus \u00een form\u0103 radial\u0103 \u0219i r\u0103cit cu aer, av\u00e2nd o putere de 30 CP. Viteza maxim\u0103 era de 120 km\/h, iar \u201eMalaxa\u201d oferea confort sporit pentru \u0219ase pasageri, consum\u00e2nd zece litri de benzin\u0103 la o sut\u0103 de kilometri. Produc\u021bia ma\u0219inii a fost stopat\u0103 dup\u0103 ce autorit\u0103\u021bile sovietice au decis s\u0103 mute asamblarea \u00een URSS, fiind impresionate de caracteristicile automobilului rom\u00e2nesc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La fabrica de \u021bevi \u201eRepublica\u201d, Malaxa a aplicat pentru prima dat\u0103 procesul american de laminare \u201eStiefel\u201d. \u00cen anii 1937\u20131938, compania a \u00eenceput produc\u021bia de muni\u021bie pentru artilerie \u0219i alte echipamente militare. \u00cen decurs de doar 12 ani, fabricile Malaxa au evoluat de la un simplu atelier de repara\u021bii pentru locomotive la un gigant industrial respectat \u00een Europa \u0219i \u00een afara ei. Fabrica fondat\u0103 de Nicolae Malaxa era conceput\u0103 astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t s\u0103 permit\u0103 o rapid\u0103 reconversie a produc\u021biei industriale de mas\u0103. Astfel, putea fabrica echipamente pentru industria chimic\u0103, iar a doua zi s\u0103 fie preg\u0103tit\u0103 pentru produc\u021bia militar\u0103. Fabricile erau extrem de flexibile, iar \u00een 1937 la Belgrad \u0219i \u00een 1940 la Milano, \u201eMalaxa\u201d a prezentat cele mai noi tipuri de vagoane rom\u00e2ne\u0219ti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Emigrarea_in_Statele_Unite\"><\/span>Emigrarea \u00een Statele Unite<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.bucharest.name\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/67\/2024\/10\/ad_4nxcf6ai0jodmg_xrif2xlsuscn2f9d_8_kqczs6emxywthsdctycsg5xfzh8rh09lzqxh1qdgtmf7hxzqiewluyj8x2uck4c8ajzubmjm87jfwlaetnyttuer_sej06ifsnflfrqayl_kufoglwvm9pdxy7gkeyxiffgqvf72gcs6kcfy2n8ofx.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Fabrica se \u00eengrijea de protec\u021bia social\u0103 a angaja\u021bilor, oferindu-le un salariu mai mare dec\u00e2t la alte fabrici, asisten\u021b\u0103 social\u0103 \u0219i medical\u0103, echipamente de lucru \u0219i mas\u0103 \u00een cantin\u0103. Unii istorici afirm\u0103 c\u0103 Nicolae Malaxa s-a \u00eembog\u0103\u021bit datorit\u0103 afacerilor cu statul. \u00cen acei ani, 98% din produc\u021bie era destinat\u0103 statului, iar profiturile variau \u00eentre 300% \u0219i 1000%. Malaxa avea rela\u021bii bune cu regele Carol al II-lea, iar o parte din profit era direc\u021bionat\u0103 c\u0103tre rege sub form\u0103 de dona\u021bii caritabile \u0219i ac\u021biuni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dup\u0103 venirea la putere a comuni\u0219tilor \u00een Rom\u00e2nia, fabricile au r\u0103mas o perioad\u0103 sub controlul lui Malaxa, deoarece acesta oferea sprijin financiar Partidului Socialist. Cu toate acestea, \u00een 1948, Malaxa a emigrat la New York, \u00een Statele Unite. Comuni\u0219tii l-au condamnat \u00een contumacie la pedeapsa capital\u0103 pentru crime de r\u0103zboi, deoarece produc\u021bia de arme din timpul r\u0103zboiului a fost considerat\u0103 un sprijin pentru agresiunea \u00eempotriva URSS. Cu toate acestea, el a reu\u0219it s\u0103 transfere sute de milioane de dolari \u00een b\u0103nci americane. Malaxa a solicitat reziden\u021b\u0103 permanent\u0103 \u00een Statele Unite. \u00cen 1948, Richard Nixon, viitorul pre\u0219edinte al SUA \u0219i pe atunci senator republican, a \u00eencercat s\u0103 adopte o lege care s\u0103-i permit\u0103 lui Malaxa s\u0103 locuiasc\u0103 \u00een Statele Unite, dar Congresul nu i-a aprobat cererea. Mai t\u00e2rziu, Malaxa a ob\u021binut cet\u0103\u021benia american\u0103, dar nu a mai atins succesul antreprenorial de care se bucurase odat\u0103. \u00cen 1951, el a fondat compania \u201eWestern Tube\u201d \u00een ora\u0219ul natal al lui Nixon, dar aceasta nu a produs nimic. Dup\u0103 ce trecutul s\u0103u politic a fost dezv\u0103luit, autorit\u0103\u021bile americane au \u00eencercat s\u0103-l deporteze pe Malaxa, dar nu au reu\u0219it. Nicolae Malaxa a murit \u00een 1965 \u00een New Jersey.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"O_catastrofa_ecologica_evitata\"><\/span>O catastrof\u0103 ecologic\u0103 evitat\u0103<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.bucharest.name\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/67\/2024\/10\/ad_4nxci9prez2dlbrfvi_oqfl7eqhkdvh4xwogctiprkaknqyqrx6kniwhfz9sffafsha2fudt2abyh9k35xzwoq0vm-3f_hvxgruk8hacaeqschnunqe35lx9onuxahrv1d1ndbupw0qqsa6bmisansu8qobxekeyxiffgqvf72gcs6kcfy2n8ofx.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Ultima poveste este legat\u0103 de \u00eentreprinderile fondate de Nicolae Malaxa, \u00een special de fabrica \u201eRepublica\u201d, cunoscut\u0103 \u00een perioada comunist\u0103 sub numele de \u201eFabrica 23 August\u201d. \u00cen 1963, l\u00e2ng\u0103 fabric\u0103 a fost deschis\u0103 o policlinic\u0103 pentru a deservi angaja\u021bii \u00eentreprinderii, scop pe care l-a \u00eendeplinit cu succes. Dup\u0103 c\u00e2teva renov\u0103ri \u0219i extinderi, policlinica a devenit un spital, continu\u00e2nd s\u0103 func\u021bioneze chiar \u0219i dup\u0103 ce fabrica a intrat \u00een dificult\u0103\u021bi financiare. \u00cen 2022, s-a descoperit c\u0103 sistemul de epurare al clinicii nu func\u021biona, iar aceasta deversa apele uzate neepurate \u00een re\u021beaua de canalizare a municipiului Bucure\u0219ti. Volumul acestor devers\u0103ri dep\u0103\u0219ea toate limitele admise, ceea ce risca s\u0103 afecteze func\u021bionarea optim\u0103 a sta\u021biilor de epurare ale Bucure\u0219tiului. \u00cen lipsa unei sta\u021bii de colectare \u0219i epurare a apelor reziduale pe amplasament, exista un risc real de contaminare a re\u021belelor de canalizare publice cu agen\u021bi patogeni, microbi \u0219i viru\u0219i. \u00cen cele din urm\u0103, municipalitatea capitalei a intervenit pe cheltuiala proprie pentru a remedia situa\u021bia, elabor\u00e2nd un proiect de salvare \u0219i implement\u00e2ndu-l. Astfel, o poten\u021bial\u0103 catastrof\u0103 ecologic\u0103 a fost evitat\u0103.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>SC \u201eFaur\u201d SA este un complex industrial situat la periferia estic\u0103 a Bucure\u0219tiului, specializat \u00een produc\u021bia \u0219i repara\u021bia materialului rulant, precum vagoane \u0219i locomotive. \u00cen trecut, platforma era cunoscut\u0103 sub numele de \u201eMalaxa\u201d sau \u201e23 August\u201d. \u00cenainte de \u201erevolu\u021bie\u201d, aici lucrau 20.000 de angaja\u021bi, \u00eens\u0103 \u00een martie 2010, conform surselor documentare, personalul ajunsese la doar [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":425,"featured_media":2834,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[362],"tags":[1202,1153,1191,1199,1198,1189,1188,1200,1203,1201,1205,1196,1197,1204],"moimportance":[30,33],"motype":[367],"moformat":[18],"class_list":{"0":"post-2833","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-solutii-de-inginerie","8":"tag-dezvoltare-durabila","9":"tag-ecologie","10":"tag-fabrica","11":"tag-fabrica-de-tevi","12":"tag-fabrica-malaxa","13":"tag-istoricul-fabricii","14":"tag-locomotive","15":"tag-masini-2","16":"tag-nikolay-malaxa","17":"tag-productie-de-arme","18":"tag-reparare-vagoane","19":"tag-reutilizare","20":"tag-sc-faur-sa-2","21":"tag-vagoane","22":"moimportance-golovna-novyna","23":"moimportance-retranslyacziya-v-agregatory","24":"motype-eternal","25":"moformat-vlasna"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2833","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/425"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2833"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2833\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2852,"href":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2833\/revisions\/2852"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2834"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2833"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2833"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2833"},{"taxonomy":"moimportance","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/moimportance?post=2833"},{"taxonomy":"motype","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/motype?post=2833"},{"taxonomy":"moformat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/moformat?post=2833"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}